Hypnotherapeutic management of alopecia areata

Background

Only limited data exist on the role of psychotherapy in alopecia areata (AA).

Objective

We sought to document the influence of hypnotherapy on psychologic well-being and clinical outcome in AA.

Methods

Hypnosis was used in 28 patients with extensive AA who were refractory to previous conventional treatments. It was added as a complementary treatment or used as the only treatment.

Results

In all, 21 patients, 9 with alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis and 12 with extensive AA, were analyzed during a 5-year period. After treatment, all patients had a significantly lower score for anxiety and depression. Scalp hair growth of 75% to 100% was seen in 12 patients after 3 to 8 sessions of hypnotherapy. Total growth occurred in 9 of these 12 patients, including 4 patients with alopecia universalis and 2 with ophiasis. In 5 patients, a significant relapse occurred.

Limitations

This is a preliminary study with a limited number of patients. A larger randomized study is necessary.

Conclusion

Hypnotherapy may enhance the mental well-being of patients with AA and it may improve clinical outcome.

Abbreviations used: AA, alopecia areata, AT, alopecia totalis, AU, alopecia universalis, SCL, Symptom Check List