Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Volume 62, Issue 1 , Pages 38-44 , January 2010

Gadolinium deposition in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: An examination of tissue using synchrotron x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

  • Whitney A. High, MD, MEng

      Affiliations

    • Dermatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
    • Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Whitney A. High, MD, MEng, Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, PO Box 6510, Mail Stop F703, Aurora, CO 80045-0510.
    • ,
  • James F. Ranville, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Chemistry (Geochemistry), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado
    • ,
  • Mariah Brown, MD

      Affiliations

    • Dermatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
    • ,
  • Tracy Punshon, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
    • ,
  • Antonio Lanzirotti, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (CARS), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
    • ,
  • Brian P. Jackson, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire

,Accepted 23 July 2009.

References 

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  2. Cowper SE. Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy: the first 6 years. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2003;15:785–790
  3. Grobner T. Gadolinium–a specific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis?. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:1104–1108
  4. Marckmann P, Skov L, Rossen K, Dupont A, Damholt MB, Heaf JG, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: suspected causative role of gadodiamide used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:2359–2362
  5. High WA, Ayers RA, Chandler J, Zito G, Cowper SE. Gadolinium is detectable within the tissue of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:21–26
  6. Boyd AS, Zic JA, Abraham JL. Gadolinium deposition in nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:27–30
  7. Thakral C, Alhariri J, Abraham JL. Long-term retention of gadolinium in tissues from nephrogenic systemic fibrosis patient after multiple gadolinium-enhanced MRI scans: case report and implications. Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2007;2:199–205
  8. Thakral C, Abraham JL. Automated scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis for in situ quantification of gadolinium deposits in skin. J Electron Microsc (Tokyo). 2007;56:181–187
  9. Abraham JL, Thakral C, Skov L, Rossen K, Marckmann P. Dermal inorganic gadolinium concentrations: evidence for in vivo transmetallation and long-term persistence in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Br J Dermatol. 2008;158:273–280
  10. High WA, Ayers RA, Cowper SE. Gadolinium is quantifiable within the tissue of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:710–712
  11. Saussereau E, Lacroix C, Cattaneo A, Mahieu L, Goulle JP. Hair and fingernail gadolinium ICP-MS contents in an overdose case associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Forensic Sci Int. 2008;176:54–57
  12. Broome DR, Girguis MS, Baron PW, Cottrell AC, Kjellin I, Kirk GA. Gadodiamide-associated nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: why radiologists should be concerned. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188:586–592
  13. Sadowski EA, Bennett LK, Chan MR, Wentland AL, Garrett AL, Garrett RW, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: risk factors and incidence estimation. Radiology. 2007;243:148–157
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  15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy associated with exposure to gadolinium-containing contrast agents–St Louis, Missouri, 2002-2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56:137–141
  16. Pryor JG, Poggioli G, Galaria N, Gust A, Robison J, Samie F, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;57:105–111
  17. Khurana A, Greene JF, High WA. Quantification of gadolinium in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: re-examination of a reported cohort with analysis of clinical factors. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;59:218–224
  18. Parsons AC, Yosipovitch G, Sheehan DJ, Sangüeza OP, Greenberg CS, Sane DC. Transglutaminases: the missing link in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2007;29:433–436
  19. Flinn JM, Hunter D, Linkous DH, Lanzirotti A, Smith LN, Brightwell J, et al. Enhanced zinc consumption causes memory deficits and increased brain levels of zinc. Physiol Behav. 2005;83:793–803
  20. Miller LM, Wang Q, Telivala T, Smith RJ, Lanzirotti A, Miklossy J. Synchrotron-based infrared and X-ray imaging shows focalized accumulation of Cu and Zn co-localized with beta-amyloid deposits in Alzheimer's disease. J Struct Biol. 2006;155:30–37
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  23. Sieber MA, Pietsch H, Walter J, Haider W, Frenzel T, Weinmann HJ. A preclinical study to investigate the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a possible role for gadolinium-based contrast media. Invest Radiol. 2008;43:65–75
  24. Prompt CA, Quinton PM, Kleeman CR. High concentration of sweat calcium, magnesium and phosphate in chronic renal failure. Nephron. 1978;20:4–9
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  28. High WA. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and gadolinium-based contrast agents. Exp Rev Dermatol. 2007;2:593–605

 Funding for Dr Brown's participation and for materials used in the study was provided by a mentoring grant from the Women's Dermatology Society. Funding for Dr High's participation in the study was provided by a Career Development Award in Medical Dermatology from the Dermatology Foundation. The X26A beamline is supported by the United States Department of Energy (Geosciences, Grant DE-FG02-92ER14244). No additional funding was needed or accepted.

 Conflicts of interest: None declared.

 Reprints not available from the authors.

PII: S0190-9622(09)00933-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.07.018

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Volume 62, Issue 1 , Pages 38-44 , January 2010

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